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81.
Motoharu Oishi Keiji Kamijo Kana Iitani Reiichiro Sato Kazutaka Yamada Nobutsune Ichihara 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(3):333-344
The 12 left digits of the thoracic limb of Holstein female cows were obtained from a slaughterhouse, and 13 linear measurements of skeletal specimens of the digits of the thoracic limb were used in this study. Bivariate plots, regressions and correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationships between osteometric data and age, and between osteometric data and body size. The geometric mean (GM) of the metacarpal size was used as a proxy of body weight. The results of the regression analysis demonstrated that the length and the width of the distal phalanx were significantly correlated with age, whereas those of other bones were not. In addition, the correlations of the distal phalanx tended to be higher with age than with the GM of the metacarpal size, and their skeletal measurements tended to be longer in older animals than in younger animals. These findings suggest that the distal phalanx is slightly elongated and enlarged in its solear aspect with increasing age in skeletally mature cows. Moreover, although the side difference in the distal phalanx between the lateral and medial digits did not increase significantly with age, the solear aspect of the distal phalanx tended to be rougher, and deformation of the flexor tubercle tended to be more pronounced in the medial digit compared with the lateral digit. Therefore, in the distal phalanx of the front feet, the skeletal deformation with age and asymmetrical bone development might be related to the pathogenesis of claw horn lesions, as in the hind feet. 相似文献
82.
Michiko NAKAI Manabu OZAWA Naoki MAEDOMARI Junko NOGUCHI Hiroyuki KANEKO Junya ITO Akira ONISHI Naomi KASHIWAZAKI Kazuhiro KIKUCHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):256-259
In pigs, the embryonic developmental ability after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is inferior to that resulting from
in vitro fertilization (IVF). We evaluated the timing of cell division up to blastocyst formation on
embryonic development after ICSI using either whole sperm (w-ICSI) or the sperm head alone (h-ICSI) and IVF as a control. At
10 h after ICSI or IVF, we selected only zygotes, and each of the zygotes/embryos was evaluated for cleavage every 24 h until
168 h. We then observed a delay in the 1st and 2nd cleavages of h-ICSI embryos and also in blastocoele formation by w-ICSI
embryos in comparison with IVF embryos. The rate of blastocyst formation and the quality of blastocysts in both ICSI groups
were inferior to those in the IVF group. In conclusion, the delay in cleavage of porcine ICSI embryos shows poorer embryonic
development. 相似文献
83.
Kana Yamashita Yasuhiko Hirakawa Shuetsu Saito Hiroshi Nakatani Motoyoshi Ikeda Masamitsu Ohta 《Journal of Wood Science》2014,60(1):1-11
The effect of cross-sectional dimensions on bow and surface checking were investigated, using the boxed-heart square timber of two sugi cultivars with dimensions 80, 120, and 140 mm and length 1.9 m taken at two different heights above the ground. The smaller cross-sectional timber tended to have larger bow, less surface checking, and larger dimensional shrinkage. However, the drying defects were different between the cultivars and sampling heights, depending on the shrinkage properties of the juvenile wood and the heartwood proportion in the core part of the stem. The bow was larger in the smaller cross-sectional timber in which the longitudinal shrinkage was large in the juvenile wood. Surface checking was more prominent in larger cross-sectional timber containing sapwood in its outer part, which suggested the surface checking was induced by drying stress, owing to large moisture gradients between the heartwood and sapwood. The cross-dimensional shrinkage of the timber was larger in timber with larger tangential shrinkage. 相似文献
84.
85.
Naoyuki Matsunaga Shin-ichi Chisada Hideyuki Fujioka Kana Takashima Nozomu Okino Makoto Ito 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(4):583-590
Vibrios are highly motile, facultatively anaerobic bacteria that are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and part of the normal
intestinal microflora of healthy fish, but some species can cause vibriosis. The adherence of vibrios to host fish intestines
is a significant event not only for their survival and growth, but also in terms of pathogenicity. However, the molecular
mechanism underlying the adhesion of vibrios to the intestinal tract of fish is not fully understood. We report here the identification
of intestinal glycosphingolipid (GSL) receptors to which pathogenic vibrios attach in typical mariculture fish. Thin-layer
chromatography overlay assays using five species of 35S-labeled vibrios and intestinal glycosphingolipids of seven species of mariculture fish revealed that all of the fish tested
possessed GM3 (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1′Cer) and/or GM4 (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-1′Cer) as major acidic intestinal GSLs and that all
of the vibrios tested specifically adhered to GM3 and/or GM4. Our results demonstrate that these GSLs were able to function
as a receptor for the various vibrios tested. Analysis of the relationship between sugar structure and receptor activity for
vibrios revealed that ‘NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-’ is required at the non-reducing end of glycosphingolipids for the bacteria to attach. 相似文献